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89 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
89 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
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# hashmap
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[](https://github.com/cornelk/hashmap/actions)
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[](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/cornelk/hashmap)
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[](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/cornelk/hashmap)
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[](https://codecov.io/gh/cornelk/hashmap)
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## Overview
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A Golang lock-free thread-safe HashMap optimized for fastest read access.
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It is not a general-use HashMap and currently has slow write performance for write heavy uses.
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The minimal supported Golang version is 1.19 as it makes use of Generics and the new atomic package helpers.
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## Usage
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Example uint8 key map uses:
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```
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m := New[uint8, int]()
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m.Set(1, 123)
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value, ok := m.Get(1)
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```
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Example string key map uses:
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```
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m := New[string, int]()
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m.Set("amount", 123)
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value, ok := m.Get("amount")
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```
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Using the map to count URL requests:
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```
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m := New[string, *int64]()
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var i int64
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counter, _ := m.GetOrInsert("api/123", &i)
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atomic.AddInt64(counter, 1) // increase counter
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...
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count := atomic.LoadInt64(counter) // read counter
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```
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## Benchmarks
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Reading from the hash map for numeric key types in a thread-safe way is faster than reading from a standard Golang map
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in an unsafe way and four times faster than Golang's `sync.Map`:
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```
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BenchmarkReadHashMapUint-8 1774460 677.3 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadHaxMapUint-8 1758708 679.0 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadGoMapUintUnsafe-8 1497732 790.9 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadGoMapUintMutex-8 41562 28672 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadGoSyncMapUint-8 454401 2646 ns/op
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```
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Reading from the map while writes are happening:
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```
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BenchmarkReadHashMapWithWritesUint-8 1388560 859.1 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadHaxMapWithWritesUint-8 1306671 914.5 ns/op
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BenchmarkReadGoSyncMapWithWritesUint-8 335732 3113 ns/op
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```
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Write performance without any concurrent reads:
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```
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BenchmarkWriteHashMapUint-8 54756 21977 ns/op
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BenchmarkWriteGoMapMutexUint-8 83907 14827 ns/op
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BenchmarkWriteGoSyncMapUint-8 16983 70305 ns/op
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```
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The benchmarks were run with Golang 1.19.0 on Linux and AMD64 using `make benchmark`.
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## Technical details
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* Technical design decisions have been made based on benchmarks that are stored in an external repository:
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[go-benchmark](https://github.com/cornelk/go-benchmark)
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* The library uses a sorted linked list and a slice as an index into that list.
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* The Get() function contains helper functions that have been inlined manually until the Golang compiler will inline them automatically.
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* It optimizes the slice access by circumventing the Golang size check when reading from the slice.
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Once a slice is allocated, the size of it does not change.
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The library limits the index into the slice, therefore the Golang size check is obsolete.
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When the slice reaches a defined fill rate, a bigger slice is allocated and all keys are recalculated and transferred into the new slice.
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* For hashing, specialized xxhash implementations are used that match the size of the key type where available
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