[bugfix] Use custom bluemonday policy to disallow inline img tags (#2100)

2024-12-22 10:12:11 +00:00 · 2023-08-11 14:40:11 +02:00 · 2023-08-11 14:40:11 +02:00 · dc96562b40
parent 3aedd937c3
commit dc96562b40
17 changed files with 243 additions and 78 deletions
--- a/internal/ap/normalize.go
+++ b/internal/ap/normalize.go
@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import (
 	"github.com/superseriousbusiness/activity/pub"
 	"github.com/superseriousbusiness/activity/streams"
+	"github.com/superseriousbusiness/gotosocial/internal/text"
 )

 /*
@ -126,7 +127,8 @@ func NormalizeIncomingActivityObject(activity pub.Activity, rawJSON map[string]i
 }

 // NormalizeIncomingContent replaces the Content of the given item
-// with the raw 'content' value from the raw json object map.
+// with the sanitized version of the raw 'content' value from the
+// raw json object map.
 //
 // noop if there was no content in the json object map or the
 // content was not a plain string.
@ -145,6 +147,14 @@ func NormalizeIncomingContent(item WithSetContent, rawJSON map[string]interface{
 		return
 	}

+	// Content should be HTML encoded by default:
+	// https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-vocabulary/#dfn-content
+	//
+	// TODO: sanitize differently based on mediaType.
+	// https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-vocabulary/#dfn-mediatype
+	content = text.SanitizeToHTML(content)
+	content = text.MinifyHTML(content)
+
 	// Set normalized content property from the raw string;
 	// this replaces any existing content property on the item.
 	contentProp := streams.NewActivityStreamsContentProperty()
@ -154,7 +164,8 @@ func NormalizeIncomingContent(item WithSetContent, rawJSON map[string]interface{

 // NormalizeIncomingAttachments normalizes all attachments (if any) of the given
 // item, replacing the 'name' (aka content warning) field of each attachment
-// with the raw 'name' value from the raw json object map.
+// with the raw 'name' value from the raw json object map, and doing sanitization
+// on the result.
 //
 // noop if there are no attachments; noop if attachment is not a format
 // we can understand.
@ -212,7 +223,8 @@ func NormalizeIncomingAttachments(item WithAttachment, rawJSON map[string]interf
 }

 // NormalizeIncomingSummary replaces the Summary of the given item
-// with the raw 'summary' value from the raw json object map.
+// with the sanitized version of the raw 'summary' value from the
+// raw json object map.
 //
 // noop if there was no summary in the json object map or the
 // summary was not a plain string.
@ -229,6 +241,11 @@ func NormalizeIncomingSummary(item WithSetSummary, rawJSON map[string]interface{
 		return
 	}

+	// Summary should be HTML encoded:
+	// https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-vocabulary/#dfn-summary
+	summary = text.SanitizeToHTML(summary)
+	summary = text.MinifyHTML(summary)
+
 	// Set normalized summary property from the raw string; this
 	// will replace any existing summary property on the item.
 	summaryProp := streams.NewActivityStreamsSummaryProperty()
@ -254,6 +271,13 @@ func NormalizeIncomingName(item WithSetName, rawJSON map[string]interface{}) {
 		return
 	}

+	// Name *must not* include any HTML markup:
+	// https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-vocabulary/#dfn-name
+	//
+	// todo: We probably want to update this to allow
+	// *escaped* HTML markup, but for now just nuke it.
+	name = text.SanitizeToPlaintext(name)
+
 	// Set normalized name property from the raw string; this
 	// will replace any existing name property on the item.
 	nameProp := streams.NewActivityStreamsNameProperty()
--- a/internal/ap/normalize_test.go
+++ b/internal/ap/normalize_test.go
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) getStatusableWithMultipleAttachments() (vocab.A
 			"type": "Document",
 			"mediaType": "image/jpeg",
 			"url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg",
-			"name": "danger: #cute but will claw you :("
+			"name": "image of a cat &amp; there's a note saying: &lt;danger: #cute but will claw you :(&gt;"
 		  }
 		]
 	  }`)
@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeActivityObject() {
 	)

 	ap.NormalizeIncomingActivityObject(create, map[string]interface{}{"object": rawNote})
-	suite.Equal(`UPDATE: As of this morning there are now more than 7 million Mastodon users, most from the <a class="hashtag" data-tag="twittermigration" href="https://example.org/tag/twittermigration" rel="tag ugc">#TwitterMigration</a>.<br><br>In fact, 100,000 new accounts have been created since last night.<br><br>Since last night&#39;s spike 8,000-12,000 new accounts are being created every hour.<br><br>Yesterday, I estimated that Mastodon would have 8 million users by the end of the week. That might happen a lot sooner if this trend continues.`, ap.ExtractContent(note))
+	suite.Equal(`UPDATE: As of this morning there are now more than 7 million Mastodon users, most from the <a class="hashtag" href="https://example.org/tag/twittermigration" rel="tag ugc nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">#TwitterMigration</a>.<br><br>In fact, 100,000 new accounts have been created since last night.<br><br>Since last night's spike 8,000-12,000 new accounts are being created every hour.<br><br>Yesterday, I estimated that Mastodon would have 8 million users by the end of the week. That might happen a lot sooner if this trend continues.`, ap.ExtractContent(note))
 }

 func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsOneAttachment() {
@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsOneAttachment
  "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
  "attachment": {
    "mediaType": "image/jpeg",
-    "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003ca\u003e\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
+    "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
    "type": "Document",
    "url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg"
  },
@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsOneAttachment
  "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
  "attachment": {
    "mediaType": "image/jpeg",
-    "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003ca\u003e\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
+    "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
    "type": "Document",
    "url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg"
  },
@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsMultipleAttac
    },
    {
      "mediaType": "image/jpeg",
-      "name": "danger: #cute%20but%20will%20claw%20you%20:(",
+      "name": "image of a cat \u0026amp; there's a note saying: \u0026lt;danger: #cute but will claw you :(\u0026gt;",
      "type": "Document",
      "url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg"
    }
@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsMultipleAttac
  "attachment": [
    {
      "mediaType": "image/jpeg",
-      "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003ca\u003e\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
+      "name": "DESCRIPTION: here's \u003c\u003e picture of a #cat, it's cute! here's some special characters: \"\" \\ weeee''''",
      "type": "Document",
      "url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg"
    },
@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableAttachmentsMultipleAttac
    },
    {
      "mediaType": "image/jpeg",
-      "name": "danger: #cute but will claw you :(",
+      "name": "image of a cat \u0026 there's a note saying:",
      "type": "Document",
      "url": "https://files.example.org/media_attachments/files/110/258/459/579/509/026/original/b65392ebe0fb04ef.jpeg"
    }
@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableSummary() {
 	suite.Equal(`warning: #WEIRD%20%23SUMMARY%20;;;;a;;a;asv%20%20%20%20khop8273987(*%5E&%5E)`, ap.ExtractSummary(statusable))

 	ap.NormalizeIncomingSummary(statusable, rawAccount)
-	suite.Equal(`warning: #WEIRD #SUMMARY ;;;;a;;a;asv    khop8273987(*^&^)`, ap.ExtractSummary(statusable))
+	suite.Equal(`warning: #WEIRD #SUMMARY ;;;;a;;a;asv khop8273987(*^&^)`, ap.ExtractSummary(statusable))
 }

 func (suite *NormalizeTestSuite) TestNormalizeStatusableName() {
--- a/internal/api/client/statuses/statuscreate_test.go
+++ b/internal/api/client/statuses/statuscreate_test.go
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ type StatusCreateTestSuite struct {
 const (
 	statusWithLinksAndTags = "#test alright, should be able to post #links with fragments in them now, let's see........\n\nhttps://docs.gotosocial.org/en/latest/user_guide/posts/#links\n\n#gotosocial\n\n(tobi remember to pull the docker image challenge)"
 	statusMarkdown         = "# Title\n\n## Smaller title\n\nThis is a post written in [markdown](https://www.markdownguide.org/)\n\n<img src=\"https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/f1f475a6fda1c2c4be4cac04033db5c3293032b4/513a4/assets/images/markdown-mark-white.svg\"/>"
-	statusMarkdownExpected = "<h1>Title</h1><h2>Smaller title</h2><p>This is a post written in <a href=\"https://www.markdownguide.org/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">markdown</a></p><img src=\"https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/f1f475a6fda1c2c4be4cac04033db5c3293032b4/513a4/assets/images/markdown-mark-white.svg\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\">"
+	statusMarkdownExpected = "<h1>Title</h1><h2>Smaller title</h2><p>This is a post written in <a href=\"https://www.markdownguide.org/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">markdown</a></p>"
 )

 // Post a new status with some custom visibility settings
--- a/internal/processing/account/create.go
+++ b/internal/processing/account/create.go
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (p *Processor) Create(
 		Username:    form.Username,
 		Email:       form.Email,
 		Password:    form.Password,
-		Reason:      text.SanitizePlaintext(reason),
+		Reason:      text.SanitizeToPlaintext(reason),
 		PreApproved: !config.GetAccountsApprovalRequired(), // Mark as approved if no approval required.
 		SignUpIP:    form.IP,
 		Locale:      form.Locale,
--- a/internal/processing/account/update.go
+++ b/internal/processing/account/update.go
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func (p *Processor) Update(ctx context.Context, account *gtsmodel.Account, form
 		}

 		// Parse new display name (always from plaintext).
-		account.DisplayName = text.SanitizePlaintext(displayName)
+		account.DisplayName = text.SanitizeToPlaintext(displayName)

 		// If display name has changed, account emojis may have also changed.
 		emojisChanged = true
@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ func (p *Processor) Update(ctx context.Context, account *gtsmodel.Account, form

 			// Sanitize raw field values.
 			fieldRaw := &gtsmodel.Field{
-				Name:  text.SanitizePlaintext(name),
-				Value: text.SanitizePlaintext(value),
+				Name:  text.SanitizeToPlaintext(name),
+				Value: text.SanitizeToPlaintext(value),
 			}
 			fieldsRaw = append(fieldsRaw, fieldRaw)
 		}
@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func (p *Processor) Update(ctx context.Context, account *gtsmodel.Account, form
 		if err := validate.CustomCSS(customCSS); err != nil {
 			return nil, gtserror.NewErrorBadRequest(err, err.Error())
 		}
-		account.CustomCSS = text.SanitizePlaintext(customCSS)
+		account.CustomCSS = text.SanitizeToPlaintext(customCSS)
 	}

 	if form.EnableRSS != nil {
--- a/internal/processing/admin/domainblock.go
+++ b/internal/processing/admin/domainblock.go
@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ func (p *Processor) DomainBlockCreate(
 			ID:                 id.NewULID(),
 			Domain:             domain,
 			CreatedByAccountID: account.ID,
-			PrivateComment:     text.SanitizePlaintext(privateComment),
-			PublicComment:      text.SanitizePlaintext(publicComment),
+			PrivateComment:     text.SanitizeToPlaintext(privateComment),
+			PublicComment:      text.SanitizeToPlaintext(publicComment),
 			Obfuscate:          &obfuscate,
 			SubscriptionID:     subscriptionID,
 		}
--- a/internal/processing/instance.go
+++ b/internal/processing/instance.go
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ func (p *Processor) InstancePatch(ctx context.Context, form *apimodel.InstanceSe
 			return nil, gtserror.NewErrorBadRequest(err, fmt.Sprintf("site title invalid: %s", err))
 		}
 		updatingColumns = append(updatingColumns, "title")
-		instance.Title = text.SanitizePlaintext(*form.Title) // don't allow html in site title
+		instance.Title = text.SanitizeToPlaintext(*form.Title) // don't allow html in site title
 	}

 	// validate & update site contact account if it's set on the form
@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func (p *Processor) InstancePatch(ctx context.Context, form *apimodel.InstanceSe
 			return nil, gtserror.NewErrorBadRequest(err, err.Error())
 		}
 		updatingColumns = append(updatingColumns, "short_description")
-		instance.ShortDescription = text.SanitizeHTML(*form.ShortDescription) // html is OK in site description, but we should sanitize it
+		instance.ShortDescription = text.SanitizeToHTML(*form.ShortDescription) // html is OK in site description, but we should sanitize it
 	}

 	// validate & update site description if it's set on the form
@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func (p *Processor) InstancePatch(ctx context.Context, form *apimodel.InstanceSe
 			return nil, gtserror.NewErrorBadRequest(err, err.Error())
 		}
 		updatingColumns = append(updatingColumns, "description")
-		instance.Description = text.SanitizeHTML(*form.Description) // html is OK in site description, but we should sanitize it
+		instance.Description = text.SanitizeToHTML(*form.Description) // html is OK in site description, but we should sanitize it
 	}

 	// validate & update site terms if it's set on the form
@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ func (p *Processor) InstancePatch(ctx context.Context, form *apimodel.InstanceSe
 			return nil, gtserror.NewErrorBadRequest(err, err.Error())
 		}
 		updatingColumns = append(updatingColumns, "terms")
-		instance.Terms = text.SanitizeHTML(*form.Terms) // html is OK in site terms, but we should sanitize it
+		instance.Terms = text.SanitizeToHTML(*form.Terms) // html is OK in site terms, but we should sanitize it
 	}

 	var updateInstanceAccount bool
--- a/internal/processing/media/update.go
+++ b/internal/processing/media/update.go
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (p *Processor) Update(ctx context.Context, account *gtsmodel.Account, media
 	var updatingColumns []string

 	if form.Description != nil {
-		attachment.Description = text.SanitizePlaintext(*form.Description)
+		attachment.Description = text.SanitizeToPlaintext(*form.Description)
 		updatingColumns = append(updatingColumns, "description")
 	}

--- a/internal/processing/status/create.go
+++ b/internal/processing/status/create.go
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (p *Processor) Create(ctx context.Context, account *gtsmodel.Account, appli
 		Local:                    &local,
 		AccountID:                account.ID,
 		AccountURI:               account.URI,
-		ContentWarning:           text.SanitizePlaintext(form.SpoilerText),
+		ContentWarning:           text.SanitizeToPlaintext(form.SpoilerText),
 		ActivityStreamsType:      ap.ObjectNote,
 		Sensitive:                &sensitive,
 		CreatedWithApplicationID: application.ID,
--- a/internal/text/emojionly.go
+++ b/internal/text/emojionly.go
@ -61,13 +61,10 @@ func (f *formatter) FromPlainEmojiOnly(ctx context.Context, pmf gtsmodel.ParseMe
 	result.HTML = htmlContentBytes.String()

 	// clean anything dangerous out of the HTML
-	result.HTML = SanitizeHTML(result.HTML)
+	result.HTML = SanitizeToHTML(result.HTML)

 	// shrink ray
-	result.HTML, err = m.String("text/html", result.HTML)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf(ctx, "error minifying HTML: %s", err)
-	}
+	result.HTML = MinifyHTML(result.HTML)

 	return result
 }
--- a/internal/text/markdown.go
+++ b/internal/text/markdown.go
@ -57,13 +57,10 @@ func (f *formatter) FromMarkdown(ctx context.Context, pmf gtsmodel.ParseMentionF
 	result.HTML = htmlContentBytes.String()

 	// clean anything dangerous out of the HTML
-	result.HTML = SanitizeHTML(result.HTML)
+	result.HTML = SanitizeToHTML(result.HTML)

 	// shrink ray
-	result.HTML, err = m.String("text/html", result.HTML)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf(ctx, "error minifying HTML: %s", err)
-	}
+	result.HTML = MinifyHTML(result.HTML)

 	return result
 }
--- a/internal/text/markdown_test.go
+++ b/internal/text/markdown_test.go
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 	withHashtag                     = "# Title\n\nhere's a simple status that uses hashtag #Hashtag!"
 	withHashtagExpected             = "<h1>Title</h1><p>here's a simple status that uses hashtag <a href=\"http://localhost:8080/tags/hashtag\" class=\"mention hashtag\" rel=\"tag nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#<span>Hashtag</span></a>!</p>"
 	mdWithHTML                      = "# Title\n\nHere's a simple text in markdown.\n\nHere's a <a href=\"https://example.org\">link</a>.\n\nHere's an image: <img src=\"https://gts.superseriousbusiness.org/assets/logo.png\" alt=\"The GoToSocial sloth logo.\" width=\"500\" height=\"600\">"
-	mdWithHTMLExpected              = "<h1>Title</h1><p>Here's a simple text in markdown.</p><p>Here's a <a href=\"https://example.org\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">link</a>.</p><p>Here's an image: <img src=\"https://gts.superseriousbusiness.org/assets/logo.png\" alt=\"The GoToSocial sloth logo.\" width=\"500\" height=\"600\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"></p>"
+	mdWithHTMLExpected              = "<h1>Title</h1><p>Here's a simple text in markdown.</p><p>Here's a <a href=\"https://example.org\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">link</a>.</p><p>Here's an image:</p>"
 	mdWithCheekyHTML                = "# Title\n\nHere's a simple text in markdown.\n\nHere's a cheeky little script: <script>alert(ahhhh)</script>"
 	mdWithCheekyHTMLExpected        = "<h1>Title</h1><p>Here's a simple text in markdown.</p><p>Here's a cheeky little script:</p>"
 	mdWithHashtagInitial            = "#welcome #Hashtag"
--- a/internal/text/minify.go
+++ b/internal/text/minify.go
@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package text

 import (
+	"github.com/superseriousbusiness/gotosocial/internal/log"
 	"github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2"
 	"github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2/html"
 )
@ -31,3 +32,23 @@
 	})
 	return m
 }()
+
+// MinifyHTML minifies the given string
+// under the assumption that it's HTML.
+//
+// If input is not HTML encoded, this
+// function will try to do minimization
+// anyway, but this may produce unexpected
+// results.
+//
+// If an error occurs during minimization,
+// it will be logged and the original string
+// returned unmodified.
+func MinifyHTML(in string) string {
+	out, err := m.String("text/html", in)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error(nil, err)
+	}
+
+	return out
+}
--- a/internal/text/plain.go
+++ b/internal/text/plain.go
@ -65,13 +65,10 @@ func (f *formatter) fromPlain(
 	result.HTML = htmlContentBytes.String()

 	// Clean anything dangerous out of resulting HTML.
-	result.HTML = SanitizeHTML(result.HTML)
+	result.HTML = SanitizeToHTML(result.HTML)

 	// Shrink ray!
-	var err error
-	if result.HTML, err = m.String("text/html", result.HTML); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf(ctx, "error minifying HTML: %s", err)
-	}
+	result.HTML = MinifyHTML(result.HTML)

 	return result
 }
--- a/internal/text/sanitize.go
+++ b/internal/text/sanitize.go
@ -25,44 +25,167 @@
 	"github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday"
 )

-// '[A]llows a broad selection of HTML elements and attributes that are safe for user generated content.
-// Note that this policy does not allow iframes, object, embed, styles, script, etc.
-// An example usage scenario would be blog post bodies where a variety of formatting is expected along with the potential for TABLEs and IMGs.'
-//
-// Source: https://github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday#usage
-var regular *bluemonday.Policy = bluemonday.UGCPolicy().
-	RequireNoReferrerOnLinks(true).
-	RequireNoFollowOnLinks(false).              // remove the global default which adds rel="nofollow" to all links including local relative
-	RequireNoFollowOnFullyQualifiedLinks(true). // add rel="nofollow" on all external links
-	RequireCrossOriginAnonymous(true).
-	AddTargetBlankToFullyQualifiedLinks(true).
-	AllowAttrs("class", "href", "rel").OnElements("a").
-	AllowAttrs("class").OnElements("span").
-	AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile("^language-[a-zA-Z0-9]+$")).OnElements("code").
-	SkipElementsContent("code", "pre")
+// Regular HTML policy is an adapted version of the default
+// bluemonday UGC policy, with some tweaks of our own.
+// See: https://github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday#usage
+var regular *bluemonday.Policy = func() *bluemonday.Policy {
+	p := bluemonday.NewPolicy()

-// '[C]an be thought of as equivalent to stripping all HTML elements and their attributes as it has nothing on its allowlist.
-// An example usage scenario would be blog post titles where HTML tags are not expected at all
-// and if they are then the elements and the content of the elements should be stripped. This is a very strict policy.'
+	// AllowStandardAttributes will enable "id", "title" and
+	// the language specific attributes "dir" and "lang" on
+	// all elements that are allowed
+	p.AllowStandardAttributes()
+
+	/*
+		LAYOUT AND FORMATTING
+	*/
+
+	// "aside" is permitted and takes no attributes.
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/aside
+	p.AllowElements("article", "aside")
+
+	// "details" is permitted, including the "open" attribute
+	// which can either be blank or the value "open".
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/details
+	p.AllowAttrs("open").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)^(|open)$`)).OnElements("details")
+
+	// "section" is permitted and takes no attributes.
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/section
+	p.AllowElements("section")
+
+	// "summary" is permitted and takes no attributes.
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/summary
+	p.AllowElements("summary")
+
+	// "h1" through "h6" are permitted and take no attributes.
+	p.AllowElements("h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6")
+
+	// "hgroup" is permitted and takes no attributes.
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/hgroup
+	p.AllowElements("hgroup")
+
+	// "blockquote" is permitted, including the "cite"
+	// attribute which must be a standard URL.
+	p.AllowAttrs("cite").OnElements("blockquote")
+
+	// "br" "div" "hr" "p" "span" "wbr" are permitted and take no attributes
+	p.AllowElements("br", "div", "hr", "p", "span", "wbr")
+
+	// The following are all inline phrasing elements:
+	p.AllowElements("abbr", "acronym", "cite", "code", "dfn", "em",
+		"figcaption", "mark", "s", "samp", "strong", "sub", "sup", "var")
+
+	// "q" is permitted and "cite" is a URL and handled by URL policies
+	p.AllowAttrs("cite").OnElements("q")
+
+	// "time" is permitted
+	p.AllowAttrs("datetime").Matching(bluemonday.ISO8601).OnElements("time")
+
+	// Block and inline elements that impart no
+	// semantic meaning but style the document.
+	// Underlines, italics, bold, strikethrough etc.
+	p.AllowElements("b", "i", "pre", "small", "strike", "tt", "u")
+
+	// "del" "ins" are permitted
+	p.AllowAttrs("cite").Matching(bluemonday.Paragraph).OnElements("del", "ins")
+	p.AllowAttrs("datetime").Matching(bluemonday.ISO8601).OnElements("del", "ins")
+
+	// Enable ordered, unordered, and definition lists.
+	p.AllowLists()
+
+	// Class needed on span for mentions, which look like this when assembled:
+	// `<span class="h-card"><a href="https://example.org/users/targetAccount" class="u-url mention">@<span>someusername</span></a></span>`
+	p.AllowAttrs("class").OnElements("span")
+
+	/*
+		LANGUAGE FORMATTING
+	*/
+
+	// "bdi" "bdo" are permitted on "dir".
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/dir
+	p.AllowAttrs("dir").Matching(bluemonday.Direction).OnElements("bdi", "bdo")
+
+	// "rp" "rt" "ruby" are permitted. See:
+	// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/rp
+	// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/rt
+	// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ruby
+	p.AllowElements("rp", "rt", "ruby")
+
+	/*
+		CODE BLOCKS
+	*/
+
+	// Permit language tags for code elements.
+	p.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile("^language-[a-zA-Z0-9]+$")).OnElements("code")
+
+	// Don't sanitize HTML inside code blocks.
+	p.SkipElementsContent("code", "pre")
+
+	/*
+		LINKS AND LINK SAFETY.
+	*/
+
+	// Permit hyperlinks.
+	p.AllowAttrs("class", "href", "rel").OnElements("a")
+
+	// URLs must be parseable by net/url.Parse().
+	p.RequireParseableURLs(true)
+
+	// Most common URL schemes only.
+	p.AllowURLSchemes("mailto", "http", "https")
+
+	// Force rel="noreferrer".
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel/noreferrer
+	p.RequireNoReferrerOnLinks(true)
+
+	// Add rel="nofollow" on all fully qualified (not relative) links.
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel#nofollow
+	p.RequireNoFollowOnFullyQualifiedLinks(true)
+
+	// Force crossorigin="anonymous"
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/crossorigin#anonymous
+	p.RequireCrossOriginAnonymous(true)
+
+	// Force target="_blank".
+	// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/a#target
+	p.AddTargetBlankToFullyQualifiedLinks(true)
+
+	return p
+}()
+
+// '[C]an be thought of as equivalent to stripping all HTML
+// elements and their attributes as it has nothing on its allowlist.
+// An example usage scenario would be blog post titles where HTML
+// tags are not expected at all and if they are then the elements
+// and the content of the elements should be stripped. This is a
+// very strict policy.'
 //
 // Source: https://github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday#usage
 var strict *bluemonday.Policy = bluemonday.StrictPolicy()

-// removeHTML strictly removes *all* recognized HTML elements from the given string.
+// removeHTML strictly removes *all* recognized
+// HTML elements from the given string.
 func removeHTML(in string) string {
 	return strict.Sanitize(in)
 }

-// SanitizeHTML sanitizes risky html elements from the given string, allowing only safe ones through.
-func SanitizeHTML(in string) string {
+// SanitizeToHTML sanitizes only risky html elements
+// from the given string, allowing safe ones through.
+func SanitizeToHTML(in string) string {
 	return regular.Sanitize(in)
 }

-// SanitizePlaintext runs text through basic sanitization. This removes
-// any html elements that were in the string, and returns clean plaintext.
-func SanitizePlaintext(in string) string {
+// SanitizeToPlaintext runs text through basic sanitization.
+// This removes any html elements that were in the string,
+// and returns clean plaintext.
+func SanitizeToPlaintext(in string) string {
+	// Unescape first to catch any tricky critters.
 	content := html.UnescapeString(in)
+
+	// Remove all detected HTML.
 	content = removeHTML(content)
+
+	// Unescape again to return plaintext.
 	content = html.UnescapeString(content)
 	return strings.TrimSpace(content)
 }
--- a/internal/text/sanitize_test.go
+++ b/internal/text/sanitize_test.go
@ -36,30 +36,30 @@ type SanitizeTestSuite struct {
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeOutgoing() {
-	s := text.SanitizeHTML(sanitizeOutgoing)
+	s := text.SanitizeToHTML(sanitizeOutgoing)
 	suite.Equal(sanitizedOutgoing, s)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeHTML() {
-	s := text.SanitizeHTML(sanitizeHTML)
+	s := text.SanitizeToHTML(sanitizeHTML)
 	suite.Equal(sanitizedHTML, s)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption1() {
 	dodgyCaption := "<script>console.log('haha!')</script>this is just a normal caption ;)"
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("this is just a normal caption ;)", sanitized)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption2() {
 	dodgyCaption := "<em>here's a LOUD caption</em>"
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("here's a LOUD caption", sanitized)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption3() {
 	dodgyCaption := ""
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("", sanitized)
 }

@ -75,21 +75,21 @@ func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption4() {


 `
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("here is\na multi line\ncaption\nwith some newlines", sanitized)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption5() {
 	// html-escaped: "<script>console.log('aha!')</script> hello world"
 	dodgyCaption := `&lt;script&gt;console.log(&apos;aha!&apos;)&lt;/script&gt; hello world`
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("hello world", sanitized)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCaption6() {
 	// html-encoded: "<script>console.log('aha!')</script> hello world"
 	dodgyCaption := `&lt;&#115;&#99;&#114;&#105;&#112;&#116;&gt;&#99;&#111;&#110;&#115;&#111;&#108;&#101;&period;&#108;&#111;&#103;&lpar;&apos;&#97;&#104;&#97;&excl;&apos;&rpar;&lt;&sol;&#115;&#99;&#114;&#105;&#112;&#116;&gt;&#32;&#104;&#101;&#108;&#108;&#111;&#32;&#119;&#111;&#114;&#108;&#100;`
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(dodgyCaption)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(dodgyCaption)
 	suite.Equal("hello world", sanitized)
 }

@ -104,24 +104,30 @@ func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeCustomCSS() {
 	overflow: hidden;
 	text-overflow: ellipsis;
 }`
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(customCSS)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(customCSS)
 	suite.Equal(customCSS, sanitized) // should be the same as it was before
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeNaughtyCustomCSS1() {
 	// try to break out of <style> into <head> and change the document title
 	customCSS := "</style><title>pee pee poo poo</title><style>"
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(customCSS)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(customCSS)
 	suite.Empty(sanitized)
 }

 func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeNaughtyCustomCSS2() {
 	// try to break out of <style> into <head> and change the document title
 	customCSS := "pee pee poo poo</style><title></title><style>"
-	sanitized := text.SanitizePlaintext(customCSS)
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(customCSS)
 	suite.Equal("pee pee poo poo", sanitized)
 }

+func (suite *SanitizeTestSuite) TestSanitizeInlineImg() {
+	withInlineImg := "<p>Here's an inline image: <img class=\"fixed-size-img svelte-uci8eb\" aria-hidden=\"false\" alt=\"A black-and-white photo of an Oblique Strategy card. The card reads: 'Define an area as 'safe' and use it as an anchor'.\" title=\"A black-and-white photo of an Oblique Strategy card. The card reads: 'Define an area as 'safe' and use it as an anchor'.\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" src=\"https://example.org/fileserver/01H7J83147QMCE17C0RS9P10Y9/attachment/small/01H7J8365XXRTCP6CAMGEM49ZE.jpg\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;\"></p>"
+	sanitized := text.SanitizeToHTML(withInlineImg)
+	suite.Equal(`<p>Here&#39;s an inline image: </p>`, sanitized)
+}
+
 func TestSanitizeTestSuite(t *testing.T) {
 	suite.Run(t, new(SanitizeTestSuite))
 }
--- a/internal/web/opengraph.go
+++ b/internal/web/opengraph.go
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func ogBase(instance *apimodel.InstanceV1) *ogMeta {
 	}

 	og := &ogMeta{
-		Title:       text.SanitizePlaintext(instance.Title) + " - GoToSocial",
+		Title:       text.SanitizeToPlaintext(instance.Title) + " - GoToSocial",
 		Type:        "website",
 		Locale:      locale,
 		URL:         instance.URI,
@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func parseTitle(account *apimodel.Account, accountDomain string) string {
 // parseDescription returns a string description which is
 // safe to use as a template.HTMLAttr inside templates.
 func parseDescription(in string) string {
-	i := text.SanitizePlaintext(in)
+	i := text.SanitizeToPlaintext(in)
 	i = strings.ReplaceAll(i, "\n", " ")
 	i = strings.Join(strings.Fields(i), " ")
 	i = html.EscapeString(i)