/*
 * MinIO Go Library for Amazon S3 Compatible Cloud Storage
 * Copyright 2017 MinIO, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package signer

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/hex"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// Reference for constants used below -
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sigv4-streaming.html#example-signature-calculations-streaming
const (
	streamingSignAlgorithm        = "STREAMING-AWS4-HMAC-SHA256-PAYLOAD"
	streamingSignTrailerAlgorithm = "STREAMING-AWS4-HMAC-SHA256-PAYLOAD-TRAILER"
	streamingPayloadHdr           = "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256-PAYLOAD"
	streamingTrailerHdr           = "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256-TRAILER"
	emptySHA256                   = "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
	payloadChunkSize              = 64 * 1024
	chunkSigConstLen              = 17 // ";chunk-signature="
	signatureStrLen               = 64 // e.g. "f2ca1bb6c7e907d06dafe4687e579fce76b37e4e93b7605022da52e6ccc26fd2"
	crlfLen                       = 2  // CRLF
	trailerKVSeparator            = ":"
	trailerSignature              = "x-amz-trailer-signature"
)

// Request headers to be ignored while calculating seed signature for
// a request.
var ignoredStreamingHeaders = map[string]bool{
	"Authorization": true,
	"User-Agent":    true,
	"Content-Type":  true,
}

// getSignedChunkLength - calculates the length of chunk metadata
func getSignedChunkLength(chunkDataSize int64) int64 {
	return int64(len(fmt.Sprintf("%x", chunkDataSize))) +
		chunkSigConstLen +
		signatureStrLen +
		crlfLen +
		chunkDataSize +
		crlfLen
}

// getStreamLength - calculates the length of the overall stream (data + metadata)
func getStreamLength(dataLen, chunkSize int64, trailers http.Header) int64 {
	if dataLen <= 0 {
		return 0
	}

	chunksCount := int64(dataLen / chunkSize)
	remainingBytes := int64(dataLen % chunkSize)
	streamLen := int64(0)
	streamLen += chunksCount * getSignedChunkLength(chunkSize)
	if remainingBytes > 0 {
		streamLen += getSignedChunkLength(remainingBytes)
	}
	streamLen += getSignedChunkLength(0)
	if len(trailers) > 0 {
		for name, placeholder := range trailers {
			if len(placeholder) > 0 {
				streamLen += int64(len(name) + len(trailerKVSeparator) + len(placeholder[0]) + 1)
			}
		}
		streamLen += int64(len(trailerSignature)+len(trailerKVSeparator)) + signatureStrLen + crlfLen + crlfLen
	}

	return streamLen
}

// buildChunkStringToSign - returns the string to sign given chunk data
// and previous signature.
func buildChunkStringToSign(t time.Time, region, previousSig string, chunkData []byte) string {
	stringToSignParts := []string{
		streamingPayloadHdr,
		t.Format(iso8601DateFormat),
		getScope(region, t, ServiceTypeS3),
		previousSig,
		emptySHA256,
		hex.EncodeToString(sum256(chunkData)),
	}

	return strings.Join(stringToSignParts, "\n")
}

// buildTrailerChunkStringToSign - returns the string to sign given chunk data
// and previous signature.
func buildTrailerChunkStringToSign(t time.Time, region, previousSig string, chunkData []byte) string {
	stringToSignParts := []string{
		streamingTrailerHdr,
		t.Format(iso8601DateFormat),
		getScope(region, t, ServiceTypeS3),
		previousSig,
		hex.EncodeToString(sum256(chunkData)),
	}

	return strings.Join(stringToSignParts, "\n")
}

// prepareStreamingRequest - prepares a request with appropriate
// headers before computing the seed signature.
func prepareStreamingRequest(req *http.Request, sessionToken string, dataLen int64, timestamp time.Time) {
	// Set x-amz-content-sha256 header.
	if len(req.Trailer) == 0 {
		req.Header.Set("X-Amz-Content-Sha256", streamingSignAlgorithm)
	} else {
		req.Header.Set("X-Amz-Content-Sha256", streamingSignTrailerAlgorithm)
		for k := range req.Trailer {
			req.Header.Add("X-Amz-Trailer", strings.ToLower(k))
		}
		req.TransferEncoding = []string{"aws-chunked"}
	}

	if sessionToken != "" {
		req.Header.Set("X-Amz-Security-Token", sessionToken)
	}

	req.Header.Set("X-Amz-Date", timestamp.Format(iso8601DateFormat))
	// Set content length with streaming signature for each chunk included.
	req.ContentLength = getStreamLength(dataLen, int64(payloadChunkSize), req.Trailer)
	req.Header.Set("x-amz-decoded-content-length", strconv.FormatInt(dataLen, 10))
}

// buildChunkHeader - returns the chunk header.
// e.g string(IntHexBase(chunk-size)) + ";chunk-signature=" + signature + \r\n + chunk-data + \r\n
func buildChunkHeader(chunkLen int64, signature string) []byte {
	return []byte(strconv.FormatInt(chunkLen, 16) + ";chunk-signature=" + signature + "\r\n")
}

// buildChunkSignature - returns chunk signature for a given chunk and previous signature.
func buildChunkSignature(chunkData []byte, reqTime time.Time, region,
	previousSignature, secretAccessKey string,
) string {
	chunkStringToSign := buildChunkStringToSign(reqTime, region,
		previousSignature, chunkData)
	signingKey := getSigningKey(secretAccessKey, region, reqTime, ServiceTypeS3)
	return getSignature(signingKey, chunkStringToSign)
}

// buildChunkSignature - returns chunk signature for a given chunk and previous signature.
func buildTrailerChunkSignature(chunkData []byte, reqTime time.Time, region,
	previousSignature, secretAccessKey string,
) string {
	chunkStringToSign := buildTrailerChunkStringToSign(reqTime, region,
		previousSignature, chunkData)
	signingKey := getSigningKey(secretAccessKey, region, reqTime, ServiceTypeS3)
	return getSignature(signingKey, chunkStringToSign)
}

// getSeedSignature - returns the seed signature for a given request.
func (s *StreamingReader) setSeedSignature(req *http.Request) {
	// Get canonical request
	canonicalRequest := getCanonicalRequest(*req, ignoredStreamingHeaders, getHashedPayload(*req))

	// Get string to sign from canonical request.
	stringToSign := getStringToSignV4(s.reqTime, s.region, canonicalRequest, ServiceTypeS3)

	signingKey := getSigningKey(s.secretAccessKey, s.region, s.reqTime, ServiceTypeS3)

	// Calculate signature.
	s.seedSignature = getSignature(signingKey, stringToSign)
}

// StreamingReader implements chunked upload signature as a reader on
// top of req.Body's ReaderCloser chunk header;data;... repeat
type StreamingReader struct {
	accessKeyID     string
	secretAccessKey string
	sessionToken    string
	region          string
	prevSignature   string
	seedSignature   string
	contentLen      int64         // Content-Length from req header
	baseReadCloser  io.ReadCloser // underlying io.Reader
	bytesRead       int64         // bytes read from underlying io.Reader
	buf             bytes.Buffer  // holds signed chunk
	chunkBuf        []byte        // holds raw data read from req Body
	chunkBufLen     int           // no. of bytes read so far into chunkBuf
	done            bool          // done reading the underlying reader to EOF
	reqTime         time.Time
	chunkNum        int
	totalChunks     int
	lastChunkSize   int
	trailer         http.Header
}

// signChunk - signs a chunk read from s.baseReader of chunkLen size.
func (s *StreamingReader) signChunk(chunkLen int, addCrLf bool) {
	// Compute chunk signature for next header
	signature := buildChunkSignature(s.chunkBuf[:chunkLen], s.reqTime,
		s.region, s.prevSignature, s.secretAccessKey)

	// For next chunk signature computation
	s.prevSignature = signature

	// Write chunk header into streaming buffer
	chunkHdr := buildChunkHeader(int64(chunkLen), signature)
	s.buf.Write(chunkHdr)

	// Write chunk data into streaming buffer
	s.buf.Write(s.chunkBuf[:chunkLen])

	// Write the chunk trailer.
	if addCrLf {
		s.buf.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
	}

	// Reset chunkBufLen for next chunk read.
	s.chunkBufLen = 0
	s.chunkNum++
}

// addSignedTrailer - adds a trailer with the provided headers,
// then signs a chunk and adds it to output.
func (s *StreamingReader) addSignedTrailer(h http.Header) {
	olen := len(s.chunkBuf)
	s.chunkBuf = s.chunkBuf[:0]
	for k, v := range h {
		s.chunkBuf = append(s.chunkBuf, []byte(strings.ToLower(k)+trailerKVSeparator+v[0]+"\n")...)
	}

	// Compute chunk signature
	signature := buildTrailerChunkSignature(s.chunkBuf, s.reqTime,
		s.region, s.prevSignature, s.secretAccessKey)

	// For next chunk signature computation
	s.prevSignature = signature

	s.buf.Write(s.chunkBuf)
	s.buf.WriteString("\r\n" + trailerSignature + trailerKVSeparator + signature + "\r\n\r\n")

	// Reset chunkBufLen for next chunk read.
	s.chunkBuf = s.chunkBuf[:olen]
	s.chunkBufLen = 0
	s.chunkNum++
}

// setStreamingAuthHeader - builds and sets authorization header value
// for streaming signature.
func (s *StreamingReader) setStreamingAuthHeader(req *http.Request) {
	credential := GetCredential(s.accessKeyID, s.region, s.reqTime, ServiceTypeS3)
	authParts := []string{
		signV4Algorithm + " Credential=" + credential,
		"SignedHeaders=" + getSignedHeaders(*req, ignoredStreamingHeaders),
		"Signature=" + s.seedSignature,
	}

	// Set authorization header.
	auth := strings.Join(authParts, ",")
	req.Header.Set("Authorization", auth)
}

// StreamingSignV4 - provides chunked upload signatureV4 support by
// implementing io.Reader.
func StreamingSignV4(req *http.Request, accessKeyID, secretAccessKey, sessionToken,
	region string, dataLen int64, reqTime time.Time,
) *http.Request {
	// Set headers needed for streaming signature.
	prepareStreamingRequest(req, sessionToken, dataLen, reqTime)

	if req.Body == nil {
		req.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader([]byte("")))
	}

	stReader := &StreamingReader{
		baseReadCloser:  req.Body,
		accessKeyID:     accessKeyID,
		secretAccessKey: secretAccessKey,
		sessionToken:    sessionToken,
		region:          region,
		reqTime:         reqTime,
		chunkBuf:        make([]byte, payloadChunkSize),
		contentLen:      dataLen,
		chunkNum:        1,
		totalChunks:     int((dataLen+payloadChunkSize-1)/payloadChunkSize) + 1,
		lastChunkSize:   int(dataLen % payloadChunkSize),
	}
	if len(req.Trailer) > 0 {
		stReader.trailer = req.Trailer
		// Remove...
		req.Trailer = nil
	}

	// Add the request headers required for chunk upload signing.

	// Compute the seed signature.
	stReader.setSeedSignature(req)

	// Set the authorization header with the seed signature.
	stReader.setStreamingAuthHeader(req)

	// Set seed signature as prevSignature for subsequent
	// streaming signing process.
	stReader.prevSignature = stReader.seedSignature
	req.Body = stReader

	return req
}

// Read - this method performs chunk upload signature providing a
// io.Reader interface.
func (s *StreamingReader) Read(buf []byte) (int, error) {
	switch {
	// After the last chunk is read from underlying reader, we
	// never re-fill s.buf.
	case s.done:

	// s.buf will be (re-)filled with next chunk when has lesser
	// bytes than asked for.
	case s.buf.Len() < len(buf):
		s.chunkBufLen = 0
		for {
			n1, err := s.baseReadCloser.Read(s.chunkBuf[s.chunkBufLen:])
			// Usually we validate `err` first, but in this case
			// we are validating n > 0 for the following reasons.
			//
			// 1. n > 0, err is one of io.EOF, nil (near end of stream)
			// A Reader returning a non-zero number of bytes at the end
			// of the input stream may return either err == EOF or err == nil
			//
			// 2. n == 0, err is io.EOF (actual end of stream)
			//
			// Callers should always process the n > 0 bytes returned
			// before considering the error err.
			if n1 > 0 {
				s.chunkBufLen += n1
				s.bytesRead += int64(n1)

				if s.chunkBufLen == payloadChunkSize ||
					(s.chunkNum == s.totalChunks-1 &&
						s.chunkBufLen == s.lastChunkSize) {
					// Sign the chunk and write it to s.buf.
					s.signChunk(s.chunkBufLen, true)
					break
				}
			}
			if err != nil {
				if err == io.EOF {
					// No more data left in baseReader - last chunk.
					// Done reading the last chunk from baseReader.
					s.done = true

					// bytes read from baseReader different than
					// content length provided.
					if s.bytesRead != s.contentLen {
						return 0, fmt.Errorf("http: ContentLength=%d with Body length %d", s.contentLen, s.bytesRead)
					}

					// Sign the chunk and write it to s.buf.
					s.signChunk(0, len(s.trailer) == 0)
					if len(s.trailer) > 0 {
						// Trailer must be set now.
						s.addSignedTrailer(s.trailer)
					}
					break
				}
				return 0, err
			}

		}
	}
	return s.buf.Read(buf)
}

// Close - this method makes underlying io.ReadCloser's Close method available.
func (s *StreamingReader) Close() error {
	return s.baseReadCloser.Close()
}